How is Sankranthi is celebrated differently across various states in India?
It has great cultural, historical and spiritual significance, which is only enhanced by the sheer variety it takes in a country rich in diversity like India. This festival is called with different names and celebrate it with different cultures across India. Some of them are:
Andhra pradesh :
In Andhra pradesh it is celebrated as MAKARA SANKRANTHI. People in this state celebrates it for 4 days.
- Day 1 : Bhogi Panduga, when people throw away old items into the Bhogi (bonfire).
- Day 2 : Pedda Panduga, meaning ‘Big Festival,’ is celebrated with prayers, new clothes, and by inviting guests for feasts. The entrance of the house is decorated with “muggu” designs, i.e. rangoli patterns, filled with colours, flowers, and “gobbemma” (small, hand-pressed piles of cow dung).
- Day 3 : Kanuma, is very special for farmers. They worship and showcase their cattle that symbolises prosperity. Cockfighting was also held earlier, but now it is banned.
- Day 4 : On Mukkanuma, farmers offer prayers to the elements such as soil, rain, and fire for helping the harvest. People eat meat delicacies on the last day.
In Gujarat it is celebrated as UTTARAYAN KITE FESTIVAL.The sky becomes a rainbow canvas as families gather on rooftops for friendly kite battles. Gujarat is renowned for undhiyu and jalebi, but has also attracted festivities globally with the Kite Festival in Ahmedabad.
Panjabi :
In Punjab Sankranti is celebrated as LOHRI.Families gather around bonfires, singing and dancing to the traditional bhangra songs while throwing peanuts and other things into the fire as offerings. It's extra special for newlyweds and newborns, symbolizing new beginnings.
Karnataka :
Sankranthi in Karnataka is celebrated as SUGGI. Their unique Ellu-Bella tradition is where people exchange sesame seeds, jaggery, and other goodies. They also create beautiful sugar figurines and decorate cattle.
Tamilnadu :
Tamilnadu state celebrates Sankranthi as PONGAL. It turns into a four-day, starting with Bhogi. Thai Pongal takes center stage, as families cook sweet Pongal with freshly harvested ingredients, and homes are decorated with colorful rangoli designs. The celebration extends to showing gratitude to cattle and strengthening community bonds.
Assam :
Magh Bihu (also called Bhogali Bihu (Bihu of eating foods and enjoyment) or Maghar Domahi is a harvest festival celebrated in Assam, India, which marks the end of harvesting season in the month of Maagha (January–February). It is the Assam celebration of Makar Sankranti, with feasting lasting for a week.
I wish we all celebrate this beautiful festival “SANKRANTHI” every year with lots of joy and prosperity.
Likhith Manohar Vadapalli
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